Click Here For Government JAMB EXPO 2021
1. The development of attitudes and beliefs about a political system is
A. political emancipation
B. political socialization
C. political participation
D. political orientation
Correct Answer: Option D
Explanation The development of attitudes and beliefs about a political system is political orientation.
It should be realized that political culture has three main components, which are as follows:
1. Cognitive Orientation: This is the knowledge of and belief in the political system, the institutions, functionaries and the policies made by those functionaries.
2. Affective Orientation: This embraces the feelings of attachment, involvement and rejection of political objects.
3. Evaluative Orientation: This concerns people's judgement and opinion about political objects. The people judge according to their preferences and values.
2. Political behavior is governed by
A. political socialization
B. political ideology
C. political economy
D. political culture
Correct Answer: Option B
Explanation Political behaviour is governed by political ideology.
Ideology means a set of ideas that an economic or political system is based on. For instance Marxist/Capitalist ideology.
It is also a set of beliefs especially one held by a particular group of people that influences the way such people behave.
3. In an nation, sovereignty is vested in the
A. community
B. state
C. elite
D. electorate
Correct Answer: Option B
Explanation In an nation, sovereignty is vested in the state.
Sovereignty means the supreme power and authority of the state over its citizens. It is the power of the state to make laws and then enforce them with all means of coercion without any external interference.
4. Which of the following is a feature of democracy?
A. interdependence of states
B. state responsibilities to society
C. power vested in minority parties
D. popular consultation
Correct Answer: Option D
Explanation Popular consultation is a feature of democracy.
One should remember that the basic features of democracy include popular sovereignty, political equality, popular consultation, majority rule and the rule of law.
Popular consultation means that officials must be responsive and accountable to the people. Public policies must reflect popular wishes. The government must respond to popular will.
5. Private ownership of the means of production is central to
A. fascism
B. feudalism
C. capitalism
D. communism
Correct Answer: Option C
Explanation Private ownership of the means of production is central to capitalism.
It should be recalled that Capitalism is an economic/political system where private individuals control and own the means of production, exchange and distribution of goods and services. In this system, the profit controls production and free competition is allowed.
6. A system based on hierarchies of land ownership is
A. feudalism
B. totalitarianism
C. communism
D. fascism
Correct Answer: Option A
Explanation feudalism is a system based on hierarchies of land ownership.
Ownership of land was vested in the king or Monarch or Emperor who also controlled all the users of the land. The land owners sublet the land to their subjects who must in turn, render services such as work for certain days for the land owners, fight on his behalf, etc.
Feudalism was first practised in ancient Europe from A.D.476 to AD 1500. Examples could be found in ancient India, China and Japan. It was also practised in Asia and Africa.
7. Which of the following performs quasi-legislative functions?
A. The Judiciary
B. The Traditional Institutions
C. The Civil Service
D. The Executive
Correct Answer: Option D
Explanation The Executive performed quasi-legislative functions.
The Executive is the second main arm of Government. The term is used to refer to the totality of all the functionaries and agencies that are concerned with the execution of or implementation of the will of the State. In this sense, the Executive include people holding the offices of the President, Prime Minister who exercises supreme control over Government affairs, and their subordinate office such as Commissioners, Policemen, Clerks, etc who simply carry out orders.
Some of the functions of the Executive include the following:
1. Legislation: The Executive recommends bills to be considered as laws and defends such bills in parliament. In parliamentary system of government, members of the executive also take part in debating such bills up to their approval and adoption.
2. Delegated Legislation: This is the power to issue statutory orders and rules as vested in the executive by the legislature. Such a power is necessary in order to meet changing circumstances
8. A major weakness of confederation is
A. over-concentration of authority
B. tendency towards secession
C. lack of local independence
D. lack of common currency
Correct Answer: Option B
Explanation Tendency towards secession a major weakness of confederation.
This right to secede by members of the confederation makes the system a toothless bull dog.
9. Members of a parliament are required to report the proceedings of the house to their
A. constituencies
B. local government chairmen
C. traditional rulers
D. political parties
Correct Answer: Option A
Explanation Members of a parliament are required to report the proceedings of the house to their constituencies.
They could do this during Recess which is the break period within the parliamentary session when parliamentarians meet their constituencies for discussions.
10. Which of the following is a unitary state?
A. Nigeria
B. India
C. United States of America
D. Ghana
Correct Answer: Option D
Explanation Ghana is Unitary State. A Unitary state is one in which the central government is supreme and possesses a complete governmental power.
The central government is all powerful and there is only one central legislature that makes laws for the whole country. It then stands to reason that the central government is the only source from which power Emanets.
Examples of countries operating unitary system of government include: Britain, Italy, France, Belgium, New Zealand, Sweden, Gambia, Sierra Leone, Ethiopia Togo, Cameroun, Kenya, Ghana under Nkurumah, etc.
11. Ending a session of parliament by royal proclamation means the
A. expiration of parliament
B. prorogation of parliament
C. adjournment of parliament
D. dissolution of parliament
Correct Answer: Option D
Explanation Ending a session of parliament by royal proclamation means the dissolution of parliament.
Dissolution is the official term for the end of a Parliament. After the Prime Minister has decided to call for a general election, he or she seeks a dissolution from the Queen. This is known as a Royal Proclamation which dissolves the parliament and also sets the data which dissolves the parliament will meet after the election.
12.A main feature of the parliamentary system is that
A. the executive consists of all party members
B. judges are drawn from the ruling party
C. electoral commissioners leave at the end of their tenure
D. the executive is appointed by the legislature
Correct Answer: Option D
Explanation A main feature of the parliamentary system is that the executive is appointed by the legislature.
Parliamentary system is that in which the executive is directly responsible to the parliament. He, the executive, that is the Prime Minister is elected by the Parliament from the majority political party in the Parliament.
13. In a socialist economy,private accumulation of wealth is
A. prohibited
B. regulated
C. limited
D. encouraged
Correct Answer: Option A
Explanation In a socialist economy,private accumulation of wealth is prohibited.
Socialism is an Economic and political system which advocates that the means of production and distribution as well as management of land and capital, should be owned, controlled and managed by the public.
14.The earliest classification of constitutions was the work of
A. Aristotle
B. J.J. Rouseau
C. K.C. Wheare
D. Plato
Correct Answer: Option A
Explanation The earliest classification of constitutions was the work of Aristotle.
Aristotle in his politics had a lot to say about constitution. He was quite able to differentiate between two kinds of rules: ruble by passion, that is rules by men of desire and caprice; and rules by reason. He clearly remarked that the former is not a good government due to men's not a good government due to men's selfish interest and passion.
He said that a society will think of good government if such a government is governed by reason that is laws.
15. Constitutionalism refers to
A. the process of drafting a constitution
B. amendment of an existing constitution
C. the process of operating a constitution
D. strict adherence to a constitution
Correct Answer: Option D
Explanation Constitutionalism refers to strict adherence to a constitution.
The term constitutionalism means that power of government should be defined and limited by the dictates of the body of fundamental laws of the land known as the constitution. That is to say that the actions and activities of government and its officials should be in line with the provisions of the constitution.
16. An advantage of delegated legislation is that
A. much time is saved in the process
B. technical issues are handled by experts
C. ministers and lawmakers work together
D. it hastens the implementation of policy
Correct Answer: Option B
Explanation An advantage of delegated legislation is that technical issues are handled by experts. It helps in dealing with technical and scientific matters as experts are engaged to make such laws.
17. One essential duty of a citizen to his state is to
A. support the government in power
B. recite the plegde
C. pay his tax
D. encourage other citizens
Correct Answer: Option C
Explanation One essential duty of a citizen to his state is to pay his tax. There is no option to the performance of such duties as payment of taxes enlisting into the national army when the need arises, giving evidence in court as might be needed.
A good citizen must endeavour to pay his tax to the government so as to assist in raising funds for projects in the community.
18. Franchise in an electoral process means the
A. right to vote
B. ownership of means of production
C. the sovereignty of a nation
D. rights and duties of a citizen
Correct Answer: Option A
Explanation Franchise in an electoral process means the right to vote. It is synonymous with suffrage.
19. The type of party system in practice is defined by the
A. relationship between the parties and electorate
B. structure of the political parties
C. manner in which the parties operate
D. number of political parties in a country
Correct Answer: Option D
Explanation The type of party system in practice is defined by the number of political parties in a country.
The party system which a country operates depends on the constitution and what such country has in mind. It could be one party, two-party or multi-party system of government.
20. Pressure groups harmonize different individual concerns through
A. interest formulation
B. interest manipulation
C. interest mobilisation
D. interest aggregation
Correct Answer: Option D
Explanation Pressure groups harmonize different individual concerns through interest aggregation.
Pressure Groups are always involved in the task of aggregating interests in the society.
21. Opinion polls are organized to find out the
A. benefits derived by people from government
B. people's thought about a particular government policy
C. people's expectations from the government
D. feelings of people about particular issues and policies
Correct Answer: Option D
Explanation Opinion polls are organized to find out the feelings of people about particular issues and policies.
Survey or Opinion Poll is used to find out what a cross section of the people feel about a particular event or policy of government.
22. In pre-colonial Igboland, autocratic rule was made difficult by the
A. fear of dethronement
B. absence of a centralized system of authority
C. pressure from age grades
D. activities of cult societies
Correct Answer: Option B
Explanation In pre-colonial Igboland, autocratic rule was made difficult by the absence of a centralized system of authority.
The Igbos were Republican by nature. They maintained a decentralized and acephalous society. It was highly democratic and egalitarian. Some traditional institutions were recognized specially in the administration of Igbo Society and they were as follows:
1. Village Assembly
2. Council of Elders
3. Age Grades
4. Ozo Titled Holders
5. Priest of Deities
6. Masquerades
7. Cult
8. Umuada, etc.
All these made the autocratic system of government to be very difficult in Igboland.
23. The Yoruba traditional system of government was
A. republican
B. democratic
C. monarchical
D. egalitarian
Correct Answer: Option C
Explanation The Yoruba traditional system of government was monarchical. The political system was confederation of monarchies.
24. Under the pre-colonial Sokoto Caliphate system, the next in command to the sultan was the
A. Alkali
B. Galadima
C. Madaki
D. Waziri
Correct Answer: Option D
Explanation Waziri was the next in command to the Sultan under the pre-colonial Sokoto Caliphate system. He was the Emir. He performed the duties of the modern day Prime Minister in a cabinet system of government. He settled inter-emirate disputes.
25. Which of the following societies was classified as acephalous?
A. Benin
B. Ibibio
C. Igbo
D. Ijaw
Correct Answer: Option C
Explanation The Igbo society was the one which was described as Acephalous.
It was a typical example of a non-centralized or acephalous society before the coming of European political system in Nigeria. It had no single centralized authority as was the case with the Hausa/Fulani or Yoruba.
The Igbos maintained an egalitarian as well as democratic society. Every adult belonged to the Amala meeting where everybody expressed his views or opinion.
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